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Personality is , to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bringabout A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect,since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a majorfactor lives of their children.

One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, byits very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the"win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sportingachievements. The current passion for making children compete against theirclassmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in whichcompetitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being tookeen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,thefirst marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, weconquer!".英语四级试题及答案

By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionateemphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrateon those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination aresomewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure ispositively harmful.

Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsterschange into 'B's. The would needs types, and schools have an important duty totry to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is topmanagement.

1. According to the author, what factors contribute to the building ofpersonality?

A. inheritance

b. inheritance, competition and environment

c. competition

d. environment

2.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author ofthe passage?

A. Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.

B. Students are often divided by competition results.

C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.

D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.

3.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.

A. pull up b. take up c. take in d. pull in

4.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?

A. positive b. negative c. doubtful d. neutral

5.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management ofschools?

A. All students be made into competitive A types.

B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible futurejob.

C. All students be changed into B characteristics.

D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.

答案：bdccb