英语四级翻译练习题：茶文化

中国是一个文化历史悠久的(time-honored )国度，也是一个礼仪(ceremony and decorum )之邦。每当客人来访，都需要泡茶给客人喝。在给客人奉茶之前，你应该问问他们都喜欢喝什么类型的茶，并采用最合适的茶具奉上。奉茶期间，主人需要仔细留意客人的茶杯里的茶量。通常，若是用茶杯泡的茶，在茶喝完一半之后就应该加开水，这样，茶杯就一直都是满的，茶的芳香(bouquet)也得以保留。

参考翻译:

Chinese Tea Culture

China is a country with a time-honored civilizationand also a land of ceremony and decorum.Whenever guests visit, it is necessary to make andserve tea to them. Before serving tea, you may askthem for their preferences as to what kind of tea they fancy, and serve them the tea in themost appropriate teacups. In the course of serving tea, the host should take careful note ofhow much water remains in the guests'cups. Usually, if the tea is made in a teacup, boilingwater should be added into the cup when half of the tea in it has been consumed; and thus thecup is kept filled and the tea retains the same bouquet.

1.一个文化历史悠久的国度：可译为a country with atime-honored civilization。核心词“国度”前的修饰语可采用with来进行关联。

2.都需要泡茶给…：可译为 it is necessary to make andserve tea to...此处的分句中原文没有给出明确的主语，所以采用it is necessary to do sth.这样的结构。此处如果采用增译法，可增加主语“我们”或者“主人”。

3.奉茶：指提供茶给客人，可译为serve tea。四级吧

4.在茶喝完一半之后：可译为after half of the tea in it has been consumed。此处的it指代的是cup。为了避免与前文重复，此处可用it来进行替代。

5.应该加开水：可译为boiling water should be added。boiling water 意为“沸水，开水”。