英语四级阅读理解长难句解析(3)

一、

The first study to compare honesty across a range of communications media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. (06.6 Passage 1)

分析主干：The first study... has found that...四级怎么算分

不定式to compare...作定语修饰the first study，that 引导的从句至句末，作found的宾语。宾语从句用了同级比较结构as... as，句中，是they are likely to tell lies inphone 和they are (likely to tell lies) in emails 进行比较。

译文：第一个在各种不同的通讯媒介中对比诚实度的研究发现，人们在电话谈话中说谎的可能性是他们在电子邮件中说谎的可能性的两倍。

二、

The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. (06.1 Passage 1)

分析主干：The executives acknowledge that..., but they deny that...

but 引导两个并列的表示转折关系的分句，两个分句结构相似，都带了宾语从句。句中swing 意思是“改变”;created 是过去分词短语，作a food 的后置定语。

译文：高层管理者承认，他们在试图把全国的饮食习惯都转向一种在美国创造出来的食物上，但是他们否认把这一行为等同于经济上的帝国主义行为。

三、

The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading. (05.6 Passage 2)

分析主干：The high numbers show...

how 引导的宾语从句中，how 是感叹连词，it 是形式主语，不定式to sort...misleading 是真正的主语，该不定式短语的逻辑主语consumers 用for 引导。

译文：这些庞大的数字表明，消费者想要从这些具有误导性的环保声明中区分出真正的事实是多么的困难。

四、

It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义) may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior. (05.6 Passage 1)

分析主干：it has been shown that...

句首It 是形式主语，that 引导的从句作句子的真正主语。主语从句中，主语words后面有一个现在分词短语having...作后置定语;谓语则是“动词(cause)+宾语(us)+补语(to react...)”结构;介词短语in ways...是react 的方式状语。

译文：据表明，具有某些含义的词语可能会使人产生一些反应，而我们认为这些反应是违背我们正常的人性化行为的。

五、

But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. (06.6 Passage 1)

分析主干：Hancock says...

句中，says 后的内容都作宾语。在该宾语从句中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的两个由and 并列连接的whether 引导的从句。

译文：但是Hancock 说，有一点也很关键，那就是谈话是否被记录下来、可以重新读取，以及谈话是否是实时发生。