有的考生说，寒假来临，我先玩过寒假再复习吧，众所周知，考研英语是一个长期积累的过程，备考要趁早，所以2016考研的学霸们今年没有寒假。少走弯路，就是减轻负担，所以有一个正确的入门何其重要，下面就带考生们在寒假中完成长难句的入门学习，为攻克长难句打下坚实基础。

1.The idea of fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light small bulbs, even to run an electric motor, is almost unbelievable.

【重点词汇】 generate electricity发电light点亮

【主干识别】The idea is almost unbelievable.

【其他成分】 of fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light small bulbs, even to run an electric motor作定语修饰The idea

对于句子结构的把握，不能按照英语的结构来翻译，，定语被前置的话，后果将是灾难性的。所以过长的修饰部分可以单独成句，然后再按照汉语的语序重新排序。

首现定语部分可以单独成句，然后再按照汉语的语序重新排列。

定语部分可切分为两个部分：

1）of fish being able to generate electricity鱼可以发电

2）strong enough to light small bulbs, even to run an electric motor电的强度足以点亮点灯，甚至可以开动电马达

再看主句：

3）The idea is almost unbelievable.这种理念简直让人难以置信。

这样我们发现其实按照123的顺序来翻译就符合中文的表达习惯。

【译文赏析】有种历年认为鱼可以发电，而且电的强度足以点亮电灯，甚至发动电马达。这简直让人难以置信。

2.Human history began when the inheritance of genetics and behavior which had until then provided then only way of dominating the environment was first broken through by conscious choice.

【重点词汇】 inheritance继承，遗传

genetics遗传，遗传学

until then直到那时

【主干识别】Human history began

【其他成分】when the inheritance of genetics and behavior which had until then provided then only way of dominating the environment was first broken through by conscious choice.为状语从句。状语从句主干为the inheritance of genetics and behavior which had until then provided then only way of dominating the environment was first broken through by conscious choice.定语从句为 which had until then provided then only way of dominating the environment

整个句子可以切分为三个部分：

1）Human history began人类历史开始了

2）when the inheritance of genetics and behavior which had until then provided then only way of dominating the environment was first broken through by conscious choice

当遗传和行为的继承第一次被有意识的选择打破的时候

3）which had until then provided the only way of dominating the environment.

遗传和行为的继承一直是支配环境的唯一方式

大家会发现这个句子如按321的顺序组合会很通顺，因为这样符合中午按照时间顺序排列的表达习惯。

【译文赏析】遗传和行为的继承一直是支配环境的唯一方式，当这种继承第一次被有意识的选择打破时，人类的历史就开始了。

做什么事，最忌讳的就是眼高手低，考研也一样，初看时感觉哪里都会，当动手了就知道，到处是错。所以各位考生，收起趾高气昂，脚踏实地才是硬道。预祝各位考生备考顺利，取得理想佳绩，以优异的成绩庆祝来年的春节！西南大学考研论坛