2016考研英语冲刺：2010年阅读试题text2核心词汇

[第三段]

curb /k\:b/ n [C] 控制;约束：government curbs on spending 政府对开支的限制 (S1)

about-face n [C] (态度、 观点的)彻底转变：The government did an about-face on the nuclear energy. 政府对核能问题的态度彻底转变了。(S1)

pool /pu:l/v [T] (多人或组织)把(钱或其他资金)集中共用：They entered a contract to pool any gains and invest them profitably. 他们签了一个合同，将赢利集中起来并进行赢利性投资。(S1)

mutual-fund asset 共有基金资产，mutual-fund意为“共有基金”，是一种投资公司，不断发行新股票并且一经要求即可买回现存股票，并用其资金投资于其他公司的多种证券上。(S1)

ruling /5ru:lIN/ n [C] 裁决;裁定;判决：When will the committee give/make its ruling? 委员会什么时候做出裁决? (S2)

filing /5failIN/ n [C] 存档档案：a bankrupt filing 破产档案(S2)

stake out sth明确界定对某物的所有权(或使用权)：We went to the show very early to stake out our space. 我们早早地就去了演出地点，占个好位子。(S2)

exclusive/Ik5sklu:sIv/ adj 独占的;排外的;唯一的：They have exclusive rights to market the drugs in Africa. 他们拥有该药物在非洲的专卖权。(S2)

transaction/trAn5zAkFn/ n [U, C] 交易; 执行; 办理：The bank charges a fixed rate for each transaction. 银行对于每笔交易都收取固定金额的费用。(S2)

if only仅仅; 即使只为了：Media studies is regarded as a more exciting subject, if only because it’s new. 仅仅因为大众传播学是门新兴学科， 它就被认为更刺激。(S3)

beat sb to the punch先于某人做某事; 抢占先机：John was going to apply for the job, but Ted beat him to the punch. 约翰本打算申请这项工作的，却被泰德抢先了。(S3)

issue /5IFu/ v [T] 发给;分发：The U.S. State Department issues millions of passport each year. 每年，美国国务院都签发数百万份护照。(S4)

arm...with 用……武装起来;装备着……：warships armed with nuclear weapons 有核武器装备的军舰 (S5)

take position采取……的立场、态度：The principal took the position that the students don’t need music classes. 这位校长认为学生们不需要音乐课程。(S5)

practice /5prAktIs/n [U] 惯例; 常规：It is the practice in Britain to drive on the left. 车辆靠左行驶是英国的制度. (S5)

[第四段]

hedge / hedV / v [T]保护……免受……;预防：hedge risks 规避风险(S1)

evaluate/ I5vAljUeIt / v [T] 评估;赋值;评价：I can’t evaluate his ability without seeing his work. 我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评价他的能力。(S2)

[第五段]

in the wake of随着……而来;作为……的结果：The newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, following in the wake of pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical. 报纸继小册子和图书之后，与期刊一起，成为电子时代来临之前最重要的传播媒介。(S1)

scope/skEUp/ n [单数] (处理、 研究事物的)范围：This subject is outside the scope of our inquiry. 这个问题不在我们探讨的范围之内。(S1)

attorney /E5t\:nI/ n [C] 律师：an attorney for the plaintiff 原告律师(S3)

[选项词汇]

controversy /5kCntrEv\:sI/ n [C, U] 公开辩论;论战：a bitter controversy about/over the sitting of the new airport 对新机场选址问题的剧烈争论 (I26)

comply /kEm5plaI/ v [I] 遵守;服从：Candidates must comply strictly with these instructions. 候选人必须严格遵守这些指示。(I27)

dismiss /dIs5mIs/ v [T] 驳回;不受理：The judge dismissed the case for lack of evidence. 法官因缺乏证据而驳回此案。(I27)

enhancement /In5hB:nsmEnt/ n [U] 增强;提高;美化：signal enhancement 信号增强(I28)

immune /I5mju:n/ adj 不受……影响：immune to criticism不为批评所动摇(I29)

esteem /I5sti:m/ n [U] 尊敬; 敬重：He was held in high esteem by colleagues. 他深受同事们的尊敬。(I29)

loom /lu:m/ v [I](未知、可怕之事)即将发生：There is a crisis looming. 危机正步步逼近。(I30)

prevailing /prI5veIl/ adj 普遍的;盛行的;流行的：conditions prevailing in the region 该地区的普遍状况 (I30)同济考研论坛

句式分析

①Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on

主语 谓语

business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first

宾语 定语从句

authorized 10 years ago.(P2S1)

[分析]本句的主干部分为the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents，该句的谓语是由appears ready to + scale back on 构成的复合谓语。逗号后是由which引导的非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词business-method patents，定语从句中的ever since they were first authorized...为从句中的时间状语，其中they指代定语从句先行词business-method patents。

②In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S. Court of Appeals for

状语 定语从句 主语

the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of

谓语 宾语从句

business-method patents.(P2S2)

[分析]句子的主干成分为the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said...， 句首的In a move...为全句的状语， 交代出具体背景。其后的that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz为定语从句， 修饰move(举措)。该定语从句的结构为： 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 补语， 主语为that， 指代 a move， 谓语为has， 表示“使处于(某状态); 使作出(某种反应)”， 宾语为intellectual-property lawyers， 补语为形容词abuzz， 表示“议论纷纷的”状态。 said后的it would use...为宾语从句， it指代主语the U.S. Court of Appeals for Federal Circuit， 动词不定式to conduct a broad review of business?鄄method patents为宾语从句的目的状语。

③Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was

主语 谓语 表语

the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the

原因状语从句

so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund

同位语

assets.(P3S1)

[分析]本句的主干部分为Curbs...would be a dramatic about-face, because...，介词短语on business-method claims为主语curbs的后置定语。Because引导原因状语从句，解释了为什么说对商业方法专利的控制是一种巨大的态度转变，原因状语中包含一个结构为it was...that的强调句式，强调的是the federal circuit itself，而其非强调形式为：the federal circuit itself introduced such patents...。现在分词短语approving a patent on...充当decision的同位语， 具体解释1998年联邦巡回上诉法院作出了“怎样的决定”。

④The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard

主语 谓语 宾语 后置定语 宾语从句1

by all 12 of the court's judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it

宾语从句1 连词 宾语从句2

wants to evaluate is whether it should "reconsider" its State Street Bank ruling.(P4S2)

宾语从句2

[分析]本句的主干部分为The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order...。The Federal Circuit为主语，谓语为issued，an unusual order为宾语，其后现在分词短语stating that...and that...为order的后置定语， 该后置定语中包含两个并列的宾语从句，分别为that the case would be heard by...和 that one issue it wants to evaluate is...，两个宾语从句由and连接。第二个宾语从句的主干结构为one issue is whether...，句中it wants to evaluate为省略了that的定语从句，修饰主语one issue，句末whether引导表语从句，与is构成系表结构。

⑤The Federal Circuit's action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the

主语 谓语 时间状语

Supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders.(P5S1)

定语 定语从句

[分析]句子的主干成分为The Federal Circuit’s action comes...。The Federal Circuit’s action为主语，comes为谓语，介词短语in the wake of...引导时间状语，a series of recent decisions则为介词短语的宾语，that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders为定语从句，修饰先行词decisions，说明这些决议所产生的后果。