Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920s predicted that soundfilm would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back beforethe First World War, to link images with recorded sound.

难句类型：层层追加的复杂修饰+插入成分

本句也是ETS的老套路了，为了把句子变长，就层层追加修饰成分，先又Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective所

谓一个转折的分句，然后主句是a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted that sound film would be a technical novelty，接着用that引导would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating well back before the First World War, tolink images with recorded sound的长句嵌套插入成分，来修饰novelty,但是实际上这些都不是什么重要的成分，大家只要读出来主句结构和句子的核心意思就是以前有一种预言认为有声电影很快就会消失就行了。

译文：

尽管后来人很难理解，但在20世纪20年代，一种批判性的意见预言：有声电影是一种将很快淡出公众视线的科技新事物，就像的许多先前把图像和声音结合起来的尝试，这些尝试可以追溯到次世界大战。

意群训练：

Though it may be difficult to imagine from a later perspective, a strain of critical opinion in the 1920 s predicted thatsound film would be a technical novelty that would soon fade from sight, just as had many previous attempts, dating wellback before the First World War, to link images with recorded sound.

2

Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, andinterpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.

难句类型：

本句的是一个原因从句修饰主句，Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because，并不难懂，但是原因从句是由两个并列句构成的，中有个并列句有三个并列的谓语they transmit, mediate, and interpret a society'scultural patterns，后面又有一个and引导的并列句provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.，这样句子结构就复杂了。

译文：

社会学家认为主要团体是个人和社会之间的桥梁，因为主要团体传播和解释社会文化模式，并为社会提供统一意识，这对社会的团结是十分重要的。

意群训练：

Sociologists view primary groups as bridges between individuals and the larger society because they transmit, mediate, andinterpret a society's cultural patterns and provide the sense of oneness so critical for social solidarity.

3

The relations between animal activity and these periods, particularly for the daily rhythms, have been of such interest andimportance that a huge amount of work has been done on them and the special research field of chronobiology has emerged.

难句类型：插入成分+复杂修饰从句+并列句

本句的主句结构是The relationshave been of such interestand importance and the special research field of chronobiology hasemerged其实并不难，就是一个并列句而已。但是The relations后面由between animal activity and these periods来修饰，紧跟着一个插入成分particularly for the daily rhythms来限制缩小一下范围，这样把主语和谓语割裂开来have been of such interest and importance后面用that引导一个从句a huge amount of work has been done on them来修饰interest和importance，后再用一个and引导的并列分句the special research field of chronobiology has emerged来结束句子。

译文：

因此，生物功能的时机和节奏和周期性的事物，如，太阳日，潮汐，月晕周期和季节，是紧密联系的。

动物活动和这些周期性事件的关系，特别是日间的节奏，是非常有意思和重要的，因此现在有很多人致力于研究这种关系，并且专门研究这种关系的项目已经出现，叫做时间生物学。

意群训练：

The relationsbetween animal activity and these periods, particularly for the daily rhythms, have been of such interestandimportance that a huge amount of work has been done on them and the special research field of chronobiology has emerged.

4

Normally, the constantly changing levels of an animal's activity—sleeping, feeding, moving, reproducing, metabolizing, andproducing enzymes and hormones, for example—are well coordinated with environmental rhythms, but the key question is whetherthe animal's schedule is driven by external cues, such as sunrise or sunset, or is instead dependent somehow on internal timersthat themselves generate the observed biological rhythms.

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