1.…the boys put up their tent in the middle of a field.……孩子们在田野中央搭起了帐篷。

in the middle of表示"在……当中"、"在……中间"，既可以用于表示地理位置，又可以用于表示时间或在某个过程当中：

He heard someone shouting in the middle of the night.午夜前后，他听到有人大声叫喊。

Mary was in the middle of reading when her auntarrived.玛丽的姑妈到达时，玛丽正在读书。

in the centre of(在……中部/中央)则一般用于表示地理位置：

Alice Spring is a small town in the centre ofAustralia.艾利斯斯普林斯是澳大利亚中部的一个小镇。

2.…they cooked a meal over an open fire.……他们就在篝火上烧起了饭。

open fire指无遮盖的、没有围起来的火，如篝火、盆火等。

3.…they told stories and sang songs by thecampfire.……(他们)就围在营火旁讲起了故事，唱起了歌。介词by表示"在……旁边"、"靠近"，通常指距离非常近：

Come and sit by me.过来靠我坐。

There are many trees by the river.河边有许多树。

4.But some time later it began to rain.但过了一阵子，天下起雨来。

副词 later表示"后来"、"以后"、"过后"：

He told me he would come again later (on).他告诉我他以后会再来的。

I met her again a few days later.几天以后我又遇见了她。

5.The stream wound its way across the field and then flowed right undertheir tent! 那小溪弯弯曲曲穿过田野，然后正好从他们的帐篷底下流过去!

(1)wind表示"曲折而行"时，既可以是及物动词，又可以是不及物动词：

The car wound through the village.汽车曲曲折折地穿过村子。

The river winds its way through this district.这条河弯弯曲曲地流经这个地区。

(2)right在此处表示强调，意为"正好"、"恰恰"、"就"。这种用法多见于口语中：

I met him right here.我就是在这里见到他的。

He hit the man right on the nose.他正好打中那人的鼻子。

语法 Grammar in use

一般过去时(cf.第3课语法)

在并列句中，各分句在时态上通常要保持一致。在叙述过去发生的事件时，动词基本上都用一般过去时，但有时也会出现过去完成时和过去进行时，它们的同时使用并不违反动词的"一致原则"：

They all leapt out of their sleeping bags and hurried outside. It wasraining heavily and they found that a stream had formed in the field.

他们全都跳出睡袋，跑到外面。雨下得很大，他们发现地上已经形成了一条小溪。

由于一般过去时常常表示过去某个特定的时间发生的事件，因此，它常与when，where等疑问词连用。除了时间状语可以表示特定的时间之外，地点状语也可以暗示或包括特定的时间：

Where did you last see her?你最近在什么地方见过她?

一般过去时与一般现在时在上下文中同时使用可以表示对比：

词汇学习 Word study

1.smell

(1)vt.嗅，闻：

I love to smell flowers.我喜欢闻花。

I'm smelling the fish to see if it's all right.我正在闻这条鱼，看看它是否还新鲜。

I (can) smell something burning.我(能)闻到什么东西烧焦的气味。

(2)vi.闻起来有……气味，散发……气味：

This fish smells bad.这鱼馊了。

You smell of soap.你身上有肥皂味。

(3)n.气味：

I can't stand the smell in this room.我受不了这房间里的气味。

There is a sweet smell in the air.空气中有种芳香味。

2.form

(1)vi.形成，产生：

During the conversation ,an idea formed in his mind.在谈话的过程中，他有了一个主意。

Ice forms when it is cold enough.如果冷到一定的程度，冰就会形成。

(2)n.形状，外形：

The ice cream is made in the form of a ball.冰淇淋做成球形。

I don't like the form of the cake.我不喜欢这蛋糕的形状。

(3)n.表格：

If you want to enter for the competition, you must fill in theseforms.如果你想报名参加比赛，你必须填写这些表格。

3.与put有关的短语动词

在第6课和第7课的语法中，我们学习了短语动词。与put有关的短语动词我们学过 put on和 put out：

I'm putting on my coat.我正在穿衣服。

…they put out the fire and crept into their tent.

……他们扑灭了篝火，钻进了帐篷。

与put有关的动词短语还有put up， put down， put off， put away等：

(1)put up可以有"建造"、"搭建"、"为……提供膳宿"、"夜宿"等含义，而put up with则表示"容忍"、"忍受"：

They put up their tent in the middle of a field.他们在田野中央搭起了帐篷。新概念第三册

It's raining heavily. We must put them up tonight.雨下得很大。我们今晚必须为他们安排住宿。

I can't believe that he can put up with this.我无法相信他能容忍这件事。

(2) put down有"写下"、"记录下"的含义：

(3) put off可以表示"推迟"、"拖延"：

Do your exercises now. Don't put them off until tomorrow.现在就做作业。别拖到明天。

The meeting has been put off.会议推迟了。

(4)put away可以表示"把……收起"、"放好"：

Put these books away, please.请把这些书收起来。

I have put away all my clothes.我把我所有的衣服都放好了。

练习答案 Key to written exercises

1.关键句型练习答案

A put up(1.1); was done…cooked (1.2);smelled(1.3);told…sang(1.4);began(1.5);felt(1.5);put out…crept(11.5-6);slept(1.7);wokeup(1.8);began shouting(1.8);was(1.8);leaptout(1.9);hurried(1.9);found(1.10);wound(1.10);flowed(1.10)

2.难点练习答案

1 put their toys away 2 put you up

3 put my shoes on 4 put down

5 putting out 6 put up

7 put off 8 put up with

3.多项选择题答案

1d 2c 3d 4d 5d 6b

7a 8d 9d 10c 11c 12c