六、并列句

知识要点：
1、熟悉并掌握并列句的结构和常用的并列词的用法；

2、注意while, when 和 for等作并列连词的用法。

什么叫并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子叫并列句。

并列句的基本句型：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句

类型

说明

连接词

例            句

并

并列关系

(联合关系)

and, not only…but(also), neither…nor等

  I help him and he helps me. 我帮助他，他也帮助我。

  Not only did we write to her but also we telegraphed her. 我们不仅给她写信而且还给她发了电报。

  Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想与他商量，他也不会征求我的意见。

列

转折关系

but, yet, still, while, however, when等

  He failed many times, but he didn’t despair. 他失败多次但并没有气馁。

  She has difficulty in learning English, however, she works hard and is making rapid progress. 她学习英语有困难，然后她学习努力，进步很快。

选择关系

or, otherwise or else, either…or

  We must hurry, or we’ll miss the train. 我们必须快点，否则会赶不上火车。

  Either you come to my place or I go to yours. 或者你到我这儿来，或者我到你那去。

句

因果关系

for, so, thus, therefore, and so

  We had better stay at home, for it was raining. 我们最好呆在家里，因为天正在下雨。

  He didn’t work hard, therefore he failed in the examination. 他学习不努力，因此这次考试不及格。

有时也可不用连词，而用逗号，分号或冒号

  Hurry up, it’s getting dark. 快点，天要黑了。

  Let’s start early, we have a long way to go. 我们要早动身，因为路很远。

注意：
（1）yet和still是连接副词，也叫半连接词。它们是副词。又起连接作用，但不如and, but, or等强，用了yet或still，前面还可加and或but。
He is tired, (but) still he will make another experiment. 他很累，但他仍然要做另一个实验。
I got up very early, (and) yet I failed to catch the first bus. 我起得很早，然而还是没有赶上头班车
（2）while意义相当于at the same time表示相反和对照，常用来连接两个意义对立的分句。

I like football, while my sister likes basketball. 我喜欢足球，而我姐姐喜欢篮球。

when = and then, just then或at that time, during the time.

We were ready to rush away, when the snake moved. 我们正准备离开，这时蛇移动了。

while和when作为并列连词使用时常是放在第二个分句前边，并有逗号和第一分句隔开。

3、for表示附加或推断的理由、原因。therefore比so更正式，and so比较口语化。

【专项训练】：

一、用适当的并列连词填空：

1、He couldn’t know the truth about me,                    he wouldn’t treat me like this.

2、The bell is ringing                the lesson is over.

3、Although he was ill,                    he kept on working.

4、I can’t make up my mind                   we will go to Shanghai               we will stay in our city.

5、He doesn’t talk much,                he thinks a lot.

6、It must have rained last night                   the ground is still wet.

7、The president will visit the town in May                 he will open the new hospital.

8、Jane was dressed in green                   Mary was dressed in blue.

9、                he did not speak distinctly                I did not hear it clearly.

10、He is clever,                , he often makes mistakes.

11、                     did we write to her                    we called up her.

12、He hasn’t any money                 I’m going to lend him some.

13、The child was sick; he,                     , didn’t go to school.

14、Mary was neither happy,                  was she sad.

15、Put on more clothes,                 you’ll catch cold.

二、选择最佳答案：

16、Some are reading magazines,                  others are playing cards.

       A．or                   B．for                  C．so                   D．while

17、We must get up early tomorrow.                    we’ll miss the first bus to the Great Wall.

       A．so                   B．or                   C．but                 D．however

18、——I don’t like chicken                   fish.

       ——I don’t like chicken,                  I like fish very much.

       A．and, and        B．and, but         C．or, and           D．or, but

19、We want               high speed                   good quality.

       A．both, and              B．either, or        C．neither, nor    D．not, but also

20、In spring it is               hot                cold here.

       A．both, and              B．either, or        C．neither, nor    D．not only, but

21、                     does he writes well,                   he also speaks well.

       A．Not only, but         B．Not, but     C．Either, or    D．Both, and

22、Use your head,                   you’ll work it out.

       A．so                   B．or                   C．and                D．for

23、I want to buy the jacket,                  I have not enough money with me.

       A．but                 B．so                   C．or                   D．for

24、                     you                I am going to help Tom.

       A．Either, or              B．Not, but         C．Not only, and        D．Each, and

25、The soldier was wounded,                       he pushed on.

       A．for                 B．and                C．so                   D．yet

26、——Do you know Jim quarrelled with his classmate?

       ——I don’t know,                     .新概念英语课文

       A．nor don’t I came                        B．nor do I care

       C．I don’t care neither                           D．I don’t care also

27、He is a teacher,                  a singer as well.

       A．but                 B．or                   C．nor                 D．and

28、                     should a man have courage,                           he should have wisdom and knowledge.

       A．Not only, but         B．Neither, nor    C．Either, or                  D．Both, and

29、We have studied English for only one year,                   we can perform English short plays already.

       A．yet                 B．for                  C．and                      D．or

30、She had escaped,                      the ring had fallen off and been damaged in the great heat of the fire.

       A．so                   B．or                   C．but                 D．and

31、The work was difficult,                    ,he finished in on time.

       A．but                 B．however          C．otherwise D．therefore

32、The sky was cloudless                the sun was shining.

       A．but                 B．and                C．for                 D．so

33、                     many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.

       A．Having been told                        B．Though he had been told

       C．He was told                                D．Having told

34、I was walking along the street                 I heard someone calling my name.

       A．when              B．while              C．and                D．for

35、To be healthy, you must have a meal               too big                 too small.

       A．either, or        B．neither, nor    C．not only, but also   D．not, but

36、Both Jane and Ellen,                Mary, are studying at the same college.

       A．too                 B．and                C．as well                   D．as well as

37、He has never studied English before,                     we should give him more help.

       A．and                B．or                   C．therefore               D．but

38、I see your point of view;                   , I don’t agree with you.

       A．or                   B．but                 C．so                          D．still

39、They must stay in the water                     they will die.

       A．but                B．so                   C．otherwise        D．and

40、We played outside till sunset                   it began to rain.

       A．when              B．while              C．yet                        D．so

三、改错：

41、Although he has great learning, but he always works far into the night.

42、Because the boy is very naughty, so I’m angry with him.

43、Not only he himself works hard but he often helps others.

44、It must have rained much of late, because the river is so high.

45、They didn’t tell me whether I should write to him nor whether I should see him personally.

46、If there were no plants, we would have no animals or no meat.

47、Now of course I don’t want to say anything bad about anyone however have you noticed his strange manners?

48、 “I’m more thankful to you, sir, than I can say” I said, “ and but I must make things clear.”

49、He neither knows nor cares for what happened.

50、He did not like your suggestion, and but he raised no objection(反对).

【答案】：

一、1、or            2、and          3、still / yet          4、when, or         5、but

       6、for           7、when 8、while        9、Either, or        10、however

       11、Not only, but               12、so                  13、therefore       14、nor

       15、or

二、16、D           17、B            18、D           19、A           20、C           21、A

       22、C           23、A           24、A           25、D           26、B            27、D

       28、A           29、A           30、C           31、B            32、B            33、C

       34、A           35、B            36、D           37、C           38、D           39、C           40、A

三、41、去掉but或改为yet           42、去掉so

       43、he前加does；works－work

       44、because－for              

       45、nor－or

       46、or—and

       47、however—but

       48、去掉and

       49、去for

       50、去掉and 或把but改为yet 或still