一、【Text】课文

Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet. When you come to think about it, there are only four ways you can deal with rubbish: dump it, burn it, turn it into something you can use again, attempt to produce less of it. We keep trying all four methods, but he sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us.

Rubbish, however, is only part of the problem of polluting our planet. The need to produce ever-increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution. Industrialized farming methods produce cheap meat products: beef, pork and chicken. The use of pesticides and fertilizers produces cheap grain and vegetables. The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high: Mad Cow Disease (BSE) in cattle, salmonella in chicken and eggs, and wisteria in dairy products. And if you think you'll abandon meat and become a vegetarian, you have the choice of very expensive organically-grown vegetables or a steady diet of pesticides every time you think you're eating fresh salads and vegetables, or just having an innocent glass of water!

However, there is an even more insidious kind of pollution that particularly affects urban areas and invades our daily lives, and that is noise. Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually assist burglars to burgle. Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation. A recent survey of the effects of noise revealed (surprisingly?) that dogs barking incessantly in the night rated the highest form of noise pollution on a scale ranging from 1 to 7. The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike. Lawn mowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. New technology has also made its own contribution to noise. A lot of people object to mobile phones, especially when they are used in public places like restaurants or on public transport. Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat. The noise pollution survey revealed a rather spurring and possibly amusing old fashioned source of noise. It turned out to be snoring! Men were found to be the worst offenders. It was revealed that 20% of men in their mid-thirties snore. This figure rises to a staggering 60% of men in their sixties. Against these figures, it was found that only 5% of women snore regularly, while the rest are constantly woken or kept awake by their trumpeting partners. Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory.

二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语

●pollution n. 污染

●overpopulated adj. 人口多的

●over-industrialized adj. 过度工业化的

●sheer adj. 纯粹的，不掺杂的

●worldwide adv. 在全世界

●overwhelm v. 制服，使不知所措

●pollute v. 污染

●pesticide n. 杀虫剂

●fertilizer n. 肥料

●salmonella n. 沙门氏菌

●listeia n. 利斯特杆菌

●vegetarian n. 吃素的人

●organically-grown adj. 有机培植的(不施化肥和其他化学品培植)

●insidious adj. 暗中为害的

●urban adj. 城市的

●burglar n. 窃贼

●burgle v. 入室偷窃

●scream v. 尖叫

●profound adj. 极度的

●irritation n. 烦躁

●incessantly adv. 连续不断地

●whine v. 发呜呜声

●helicopter n. 直升飞机

●maximum adj. 最大的

●technology n. 技术

●contribution n. 贡献

●mobile adj. 可移动的

●snore v. 打鼾

●offender n. 冒犯者

●staggering adj. 令人惊愕的

●trumpet v. 吹号

●partner n. 伙伴

◆pollution n. 污染

More and more water is been pollution.

Pollution is the major problem we are faced with.

pollute

polluted

pollution

polluter 污染源

Eg: Gases from cars are one of the polluters of air pollution.

contaminate

taint

defile

pollute

poison

◆overpopulated adj. 人口多的

overpeopled

sparsely-populated community

sparsely-peopled

population

Eg: What’s the population in your country?

Our country has a population of one billion.

The city has a population of two million.

population explosion

populous adj.

crowd 公交车拥挤 crewed

Eg: The narrow street is populous with people.

The most populous province in China is Shichun.

province 省

The most populous country in the world is China.

◆over-industrialized adj. 过度工业化的

◆sheer adj. 纯粹的，不掺杂的

有四个基本语意

1.pure unmixed

2. steep shere cliff

3. complete

Eg: What are you talking about sheer nonsense?

4. transparent

sheer silk stockings

◆worldwide adv. 在全世界

◆overwhelm v. 制服，使不知所措

Eg: He was overwhelmed by grief. 他伤心至极

Grief seized him.

Your kindness quite overwhelms me.您的这份好心使我感动得难以言表。(被你制服了)

If our country were overwhelm by pollution, it would be terrible.

conquer

overcome

get rid of

insumountable

vanquish

◆pollute v. 污染

◆pesticide n. 杀虫剂

◆fertilizer n. 肥料

◆salmonella n. 沙门氏菌

◆listeia n. 利斯特杆菌

◆vegetarian n. 吃素的人

◆organically-grown adj. 有机培植的(不施化肥和其他化学品培植)

◆insidious adj. 暗中为害的

◆urban adj. 城市的

◆burglar n. 窃贼

◆burgle v. 入室偷窃

◆scream v. 尖叫

scream at

◆profound adj. 极度的

intence

extreme

complete

Eg: Yesterday he had a profound sleep.

He is afflicted with profound anxieties.

knowledgable

He is a profound scholar.

◆irritation n. 烦躁

irritate v. 使烦躁

irriteted

irriteting

◆incessantly adv. 连续不断地

perpetual

permanent

eternal

continuance

continual

continually

constant

endless

incessant adj.

Eg: It has been raining incessantly for three hours.

There is a week of incessant rains.

ceaseless

none stop

unbroken

uninterrupted

Eg: Last night I had an uninterrupted party.

He gave us a talk uninterruped.

◆whine v. 发呜呜声

◆helicopter n. 直升飞机

◆maximum adj. 最大的

◆technology n. 技术

◆contribution n. 贡献

◆mobile adj. 可移动的

◆snore v. 打鼾

◆offender n. 冒犯者

◆staggering adj. 令人惊愕的

surprise

amaze

astonish

astound

astounding

Eg: The old lady reported to the police and they felt astounded / found it staggering.

◆trumpet v. 吹号

◆partner n. 伙伴

三、【课文精析】

Key sentence:

Pollution is the price we pay for an overpopulated, over industrialized planet.

I was blamed for being late.

Losing health is the price he paid for his hard work./ (working hard/ over working )

come to ==get to

并列平行结构

There are some good ways to study English well.

listen, speak, read and write.

There are four good ways to study English: listening, speaking, reading and writering.

reuse it recyde it

Key sentence:

We keep trying all four methods, but he sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide threatens to overwhelm us.

volume == amount

threaten to do

Eg: The coming earthquake threatens the village.

Dark clouds threaten a heavy storm. 乌云预示着有一场风暴。

The sun promises a good day.

It is possible...

Key sentence:

The need to produce ever-increasing quantities of cheap food leads to a different kind of pollution.

leads to

Key sentence:

The price we pay for cheap food may be already too high

The price we pay is too high.

abandon 强调被迫放弃

organically-grown vegetable: 绿色蔬菜

every time: whenever

innocent (of) adj. 清白的，无辜的，无知的

insidious 暗中为害的，阴险的

Key sentence:

Burglar alarms going off at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy passers-by and actually ( to ) assist burglars to burgle.

Key sentence:

Car alarms constantly scream at us in the street and are a source of profound irritation.

Eg: Her husband earns a lot of money every mounth and he is a source of income. 他的丈夫每月能赚很多钱，这是他的一棵摇钱树。

Key sentence:

The survey revealed a large number of sources of noise that we really dislike.

名词结构 (平行结构)

lawn mower 割草机

container trucks: 集装箱卡车

sources of noise

Key sentence:

New technology has also made its own contribution to noise.

make contribution to 作出...... 的贡献

contribute to 引起，导致，是......的起因

Eg: Air pollution contributes to disease.

object to take object to

Key sentence:

Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat.

Eg: The air pollution survey revealed... 空气污染调查显示......

turn out: prove

offend:惹怒 offender 罪魁祸首

were found:客观描述

It is said...新概念二册

It is revealed...

Key sentence:

20% of mem in their mid-thirties

in their early thirties

Key sentence:

Against these figures, it was found that ...

Comparing these figures, we found that...

are woken 被惊醒 / keep awake 不能入睡

比较：

Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory.

However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.