5.The truth is that when mistakes occur, they are more likely to be ours than theirs.

be likely to do 有可能 ...

Ex

You are likely to get success if you work hard.

It is likely that...

It is likely that he arrived here in time.

when 为从属连词,在 that引导的从句中引导一个时间状语从句

ours & theirs均为斜体,表强调.  ours=our mistakes, theirs=their mistakes.

6.After consulting my railway timetable, I noted with satisfaction that there was an express train to Westhaven.

After 后,直接使用分词短语,在句中作时间状语.

Ex

After talking to you I always feel better.

with satisfaction 满意地. 为介词"with+抽象名词"构成的短语结构, 作状语,修饰noted . 句中 that为关系连词,引导其后的宾语从句.

7.It went direct from my local station and the journey lasted a mere hour and seventeen minutes.新概念英语下载

direct from...to...：直接从...到...